Real-world study on the efficacy and prognostic predictive biomarker of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated with programmed death-1/programmed death ligand 1 inhibitors / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To describe the actual efficacy of programmed death-1 (PD-1)/ programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explore potential prognostic predictive biomarkers. Methods: Patients with metastatic NSCLC who were treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors at Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2016 to December 2019, either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents, were consecutively enrolled into this study. We retrospectively collected the data of demographics, clinical information and pathologic assessment to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and conduct the survival analysis. Major endpoint of our study is progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints include objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and overall survival (OS). Results: The ORR of 174 patients who underwent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor was 28.7%, and the DCR was 79.3%. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occurred in 23 patients (13.2%). Brain metastasis, line of treatment, and treatment patterns were associated with the ORR of metastatic NSCLC patients who underwent immunotherapy (P<0.05). After a median follow-up duration of 18.8 months, the median PFS was 10.5 months (ranged from 1.5 to 40.8 months) while the median OS was not reached. The 2-year survival rate was estimated to be 63.0%. The pathologic type was related with the PFS of metastatic NSCLC patients who underwent immunotherapy (P=0.028). Sex, age, brain metastasis and autoimmune diseases were associated with OS (P<0.05). Analysis of the receptor characteristic curve (ROC) of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) predicting ORR of immunotherapy in metastatic NSCLC showed that the areas under the curve of NLR before immunotherapy (NLR(C0)), NLR after one cycle of immunotherapy (NLR(C1)) and ΔNLR were 0.600, 0.706 and 0.628, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NLR(C1) was an independent factor of the ORR of metastatic NSCLC patients who underwent immunotherapy (OR=0.161, 95% CI: 0.062-0.422), and the efficacy of combination therapy was better than that of single agent (OR=0.395, 95% CI: 0.174-0.896). The immunotherapy efficacy in patients without brain metastasis was better than those with metastasis (OR=0.291, 95% CI: 0.095-0.887). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that NLR(C1) was an independent influencing factor of PFS of metastatic NSCLC patients after immunotherapy (HR=0.480, 95% CI: 0.303-0.759). Sex (HR=0.399, 95% CI: 0.161-0.991, P=0.048), age (HR=0.356, 95% CI: 0.170-0.745, P=0.006) were independent influencing factors of OS of metastatic NSCLC patients after immunotherapy. Conclusions: PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors are proved to be efficacious and have tolerable toxicities for patients with metastatic NSCLC. Patients at advanced age could still benefit from immunotherapy. Brain metastasis is related to compromised response. Earlier application of immunotherapy in combination with other modalities enhances the efficacy without elevating risk of irAEs. NLR(C1) is an early predictor of clinical outcome. The OS of patients younger than 75 years may be improved when treated with immunotherapy.

Predictive value of vascular health indicators on newly cardiovascular events: Preliminary validation of Beijing vascular health stratification system / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the predictive value of carotid femoral artery pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV), carotid radial artery pulse wave velocity (CR-PWV), cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), and ankle brachial index (ABI) on coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebral infarction (CI), and the preliminary validation of Beijing vascular health stratification (BVHS).@*METHODS@#Subjects with at least 2 in-patient records were included into the study between 2010 and 2017 from Vascular Medicine Center of Peking University Shougang Hospital. Subjects with CHD or CI, and without data of vascular function at baseline were excluded. Eventually, 467 subjects free of CHD [cohort 1, mean age: (63.4±12.3) years, female 42.2%] and 658 subjects free of CI [cohort 2, mean age: (64.3±12.2) years, female 48.7%] at baseline were included. The first in-patient records were as the baseline data, the second in-patient records were as a following-up data. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to establish the predictive models of CHD or CI derived from BVHS by multivariable-adjusted analysis.@*RESULTS@#The median follow-up time of cohort 1 and cohort 2 was 1.9 years and 2.1 years, respectively. During the follow-up, 164 first CHD events occurred in cohort 1 and 117 first CI events occurred in cohort 2. Four indicators were assessed as continuous variables simultaneously by multivariable-adjusted analysis. In cohort 1, CF-PWV, CR-PWV, ABI, and CAVI reached statistical significance in the multivariable-adjusted models (P<0.05). In cohort 2, only CAVI (P<0.05) was of statistical significance. In addition, the higher CF-PWV became a protector of CHD or CI (P<0.05). The prediction value of BVHS reached the statistical significance for CHD and CI in the unadjusted models (all P<0.05), however, BVHS could only predict the incidence of CHD (P<0.05), but not the incidence of CI (P>0.05) in the multivariable-adjusted models. CF-PWV, CR-PWV, ABI, and CAVI were associated factors of CHD independent of each other (P<0.05), only CAVI (P<0.05) was the risk factor of CI independent of the other three.@*CONCLUSION@#The different vascular indicators might have different effect on CHD or CI. CAVI might be a stable predictor of both CHD and CI. Higher baseline CF-PWV was not necessarily a risk factor of CHD or CI because of proper vascular health management. BVHS was a potential factor for the prediction of CHD, and further research is needed to explore the prediction value for CI.

Espression and significance of TMSG-1 expression in primary and liver metastases of colorectal cancer tissues / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the expression of tumor metastasis suppressor gene-1 (TMSG-1) in colorectal cancer tissues and liver metastases,and to analyses the relationship between expression of TMSG-1 and clinicopathologic characteristics. Methods Immunohistochemical SP methods was used to detect the expression of TMSG-1 protein in 200 cases of colorectal cancer and 52 cases of liver metastases. Results The ratio of high,moderate and negative of TMSG-1 expression in primary colorectal carcinoma were 42. 5％ (85/200) ,29. 5％ (59/200) and 28. 0％ (56/200) respectively. The expression of TMSG-1 was significantly associated with tumor differentiation, invasion depth,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis and TNM stages (P < 0. 05) ,but unrelate to age,gender and tumor size. The high, moderate and negative expression ratio of TMSG-1 in liver metastases were 17. 3％ (9/52) ,50. 0％ (26/52) ,32. 7％(17/52) ,respectively. The expression of TMSG-1 in liver metastases was significantly lower than that in primary lesion (P < 0. 05) . The expression of TMSG-1 in liver metastases, and there was no significant correlation between the expression of TMSG-1 in liver metastases and clinicopathologic characteristics. Conclusion The expression of TMSG-1 is significantly down-regulated in the liver metastases,which is associated with the development and progression of colorectal cancer. TMSG-1 will be used as a new tumor marker for predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer.

Impact of High-salt Diet on Plasma Level of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C and Its Relationship to Blood Pressure in Healthy Subjects and Hypertension Patients / 中国循环杂志

Objectives: To investigate the impact of high-salt diet on plasma level of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in healthy subjects and hypertension patients; to explore the relationship between VEGF-C level and blood pressure (BP). Methods: Our research included in 2 groups: Essential hypertension (EH) group, 75 patients treated in our hospital from 2013 to 2014 and Control group, 98 healthy subjects at the same period. Using salt-intake 6 g/day as the borderline, both groups were respectively divided into High-sodium diet (HS) subgroups and Low-sodium diet (LS) subgroups. The age, gender, creatinine clearance (CCr), UA, fast blood glucose (FBG), body mass index (BMI), blood lipids (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and CF-PWV were compared between EH group and Control group, HS subgroups and LS subgroups. Results: Compared with Control group, EH group had increased plasma level of VEGF-C, (3 940.8±1 141.1) pg/ml vs (2 938.0±987.0) pg/ml, P<0.001; the age, BMI, SPB, DBP, PP, MAP and CF-PWV were different between 2 group, all P<0.005. In ES group, compared with LS subgroup, HS subgroup showed the higher VEGF-C (4 208.8±113.1) pg/ml vs (3 515.8±1 070.1) pg/ml, P=0.009; the age, SBP, DBP and PP were different between 2 group, all P<0.005. In Control group, compared with LS subgroup, HS subgroup showed the higher VEGF-C (3 158.7±917.2) pg/ml vs (2 655.7±1 011.3) pg/ml, P=0.012; the age BMI and CCr were different between 2 group, all P<0.005, while BP was similar between 2 subgroups. Spearman correlation study presented that with adjusted confounding factors, no matter in all participates and in EH group or Control group, MAP were positively related to plasma levels of VEGF-C (r=0.536, P<0.001 and r=0.546, P=0.002 or r=0.291, P=0.006) respectively. Conclusions: High-sodium diet could increase plasma VEGF-C level in either healthy subjects or hypertension patients, VEGF-C level was positively related to BP.

Study on model of tree shrew induced by chronic corticosterone injection in anxious depression / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of chronic corticos-terone injection on anxiety and depression-like behavior of tree shrews, evaluate the predictability of drug and establish a novel animal model of anxious depression .Methods Twelve Chinese and Burma tree shrews were randomly divided into normal group, model group and venlafaxine group .The anxious depres-sion model of tree shrew was established by chronic corticoster-one injection ( ih, 27 mg· kg-1 , 21 d) .The venlafaxine group received intragastric administration (6 mg· kg-1).Autonomous activity score, sugar water preference test and Morris water maze test were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression-like behav-ior of tree shrews .The expressions of CRH , ACTH and COR in the tree shrew plasma were determined by Elisa kit .The con-tents of monoamine neurotransmitters of tree shrews in the hippo-campus , amygdala and prefrontal cortex were detected by HPLC-ECD.Results Compared with the normal group , the autono-mous activity score , sugar water partial eclipse degree and the learning and memory ability significantly decreased (P<0.01), while the contents of CRH , ACTH and COR significantly in-creased ( P<0.05) , and the contents of 5-HT, NE and DA in the hippocampus , amygdala and prefrontal cortex declined in the model group(P<0.05).In the venlafaxine group, the learning and memory abilities of the tree shrews were improved , the lev-els of CRH and COR in plasma were significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the contents of 5-HT, NE and DA were increased (P<0.05).Conclusions The tree shrews of anxious depres-sion have obvious HPA axis hyperactivity and monoamine neuro-transmitter disorder , and venlafaxine can reverse this phenome-non, indicating that the tree shrews model of anxious depression has drug predictability , which is a kind of novel animal model of anxious depression closer to human in clinic .

Effects of S100 B, AQP4 and CX43 expressions on the function of the blood brain barrier in hippocampus of diabetic rats with depression / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the effects of S 100B, AQP4, and CX43 on the function of the blood brain barrier in the hippocampus of diabetic rats with depression .Methods Rats were divided into the diabetic group [ two weeks of high-fat diet and injection of Streptozotocin (STZ, 38 mg/kg)], depression group(chronic unpredictable stress for 28 days) , the diabetes mellitus with depression group ( combined with the above two methods ) , and the control group .The behavior of rats was evaluated with open-field test and Morris test .The expressions of AQP 4 and CX43 in rat hippocampus blood-brain barrier were detected by immunocytochemistry .Serum S100B level was detected by ELISA.Results Compared with control group, the number of autonomic activity and the space exploration times were decreased, the escape latencies were significantly longer in the Morris water maze test(P<0.05 or P<0.01) of the diabetes group and depression group; Serum S100B levels increased significantly ( P<0.01);the expressions of AQP4 and CX43 were decreased(P<0.01).Compared with diabetic group, the number of auto-nomic activity and the space exploration times were decreased , the escape latencies were significantly longer in the Morris water maze test( P<0.05 or P<0.01) of the diabetes group and depression group;Serum S 100B lev-els increased significantly( P<0.05);the expressions of AQP4 and CX43 were decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions S100B, AQP4 and CX43 expression disorder may be one of the mechanisms of diabetes mellitus complicated with depression.

Preparation and properties of thermosensitive in situ gel for ophthalmic formulation containing pearl hydrolyzate / 药学学报

The study was designed to generate an ophthalmic thermosensitive in situ gel with improved mechanical and mucoadhesive properties that may prolong the retention time to enhance the bioavalability of pearl hydrolyzate. The gene was comprised of poloxamer 407, poloxamer188 and Carbopol 934, which were optimized by central composite design and response surface methodology. The rheological properties, transcorneal permeability, retention time and in vitro release behaviors of the optimal gel formulation were investigated. The gel was Newtonian liquid at 25℃ and performed as a semisolid gel with non-Newtonian liquid property with a gelation time of 13 s at 35℃. Compared with a conventional eye drops, the ophthalmic in situ gel exhibited a sevenfold increase in retention with a sustained release behavior, which was observed with suitable permeability coefficient at 5.58 cm·s-1. In conclusion, the new gel of pearl hydrolyzate prolonged the release duration of drug, which may decrease the frequency of administration of pearl hydrolyzate. kilometers with ecological similarity between 20% and 40%, mainly in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Fujian and Chongqing. The climate factors mainly affecting the distribution of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen were precipitation of warmest quarter, SD of temperature seasonality, altitude, isothermality, coefficient of variation of precipitation seasonality, mean temperature of monthly, precipitation of driest month, reference bulk density of soil and soil texture.

Mechanism of anti-aging therapy on Parkinson's disease / 中国中药杂志

Many studies have shown that anti-aging treatment has value to prevention and treatment of some diseases. For the treatment of Parkinson' s disease, clinical and experimental researches have proved the potential value of anti-aging treatment, yet the mechanism remains unclear. For this reason, this work used the anti-aging prescriptions of Buyang Huanwu decoction in traditional Chinese medicines example to discover the anti-aging treatment mechanism on Parkinson's disease. The results showed that the mechanism of mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, free radicals and oxidative stress could contribute to the treatment of Parkinson' s disease. Buyang Huanwu decoction is more than as the carrier in this article, the discovered anti-aging treatment mechanism Parkinson's disease is not confined to Buyang Huanwu decoction, could also be used to understand the anti-aging treatment mechanism using other prescription. The main contribution of this paper is to clarify the mechanism of anti-aging treatment of Parkinson's disease, and provide a new strategy for the treatment and prevention of Parkinson's disease.

Effect of Bear Bile Powder and Its Succedaneum on Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow Megakaryocytes in Mouse Model with Thrombocytopenia Induced by Cytosine Arabinoside / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of bear bile powder and ursodesxy cholic acid (UDCA) on peripheral blood, bone marrow megakaryocyte and immune organs in mouse model with thrombocytopenia, so as to provide a reference for studying the curative effects of bear bile powder and its succedaneum on thrombocytopenic purpura (TP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mouse model with thrombocytopenia indued by cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) was established, a total of 70 mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, prednisone group, bear bile (middle and high dose) powder group and UDCA (middle and high dose) group. From the first day of making model mice in the each group, 0.4 ml/(20 g·d) corresponding drug was administered by infusion. At day 10 after treatment the peripheral blood, spleen and thymus organ index, the number of bone marrow megakaryocyte in each group were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>compared with the normal group, the Plt, WBC and megakaryocyte counts in model group decreased, the spleen index increased obviously (P<0.05), but the WBC count returned to normal by 10 days; after treatment, compared with model group, the Plt, WBC and megakaryocyte counts of treated groups increased, spleen index decreased significantly (P<0.05), but the WBC count in prednisone group decreased, which in bear bile powder (high) group and UDCA (high) group were particularly significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The bear bile powder and UDCA have been confirmed to have therapeutical effect on thrombocytopenia models induced by Ara-C, UDCA can substitute bear bile powder as a treatment drug for thrombocytopenic purpura.</p>

The effects of Tianqijiangtang capsule combined with Metformin on the levels of interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factorαand C-reactive protein in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中国糖尿病杂志

Objective To explore the effects of Tianqijiangtang capsule combined with Metformin on the levels of IL‐6 ,TNF‐α and C‐RP protein in patients with T2DM. Methods 80 T2DM were randomized into control group (treatment with Metformin ,n= 40) and treatment group (treatment with Tianqijiangtang in combination with Metformin ,n=40). The changes of levels of IL‐6 ,TNF‐α and C‐RP were observed before and after the treatment. Results Compared to the pretreatment in the same group and after treatment in control group ,IL‐6 ,TNF‐αand C‐RP of treatment group were reduced significantly [(6.79 ± 0.60) ,(7.15 ± 0.62) vs (5.08 ± 0.43)pg/ml;(8.94 ± 0.55) ,(8.61 ± 0.66) vs (5.18 ± 0.45) pg/ml;(6.79 ± 0.60) ,(6.58 ± 0.59) vs (5.56 ± 0.30) mg/L ,P<0.01]. Conclusion Tianqijiangtang capsule combined with Metformin can decrease the levels of IL‐6 ,TNF‐αand C‐RP in T2DM patients.

Anatomical characteristics of laminae and petioles of 11 species of Salvia and their taxonomic significance / 中国中药杂志

Anatomical features of the lamina and petiole of 11 species of Salvia had been compared. The microstructures of 11 species of Salvia were observed by paraffin method, and indexes such as the epidermis, xylems and phloems were measured. The data set was analyzed by principal components analysis method and cluster analysis method. The results indicated that the laminae of 11 species of Salvia were bifacial leaf, and the surface of laminae and petioles were covered with villous. The upper epidermis and lower epidermis of the laminae of 11 species of Salvia were constituted by a dense cuticular layer without stratum corneum. Differences existed in the structure of cross sectio mn of laminae and petioles of 11 species of Salvia. Among them, upper epidermal thickness of nine different micromorphological characters could serve as one of the criteria to identify species of taxonomic Salvia. The identification of genetic relationship of these characters in Salvia were discussed in the paper to provide an evidence of anatomy in Salvia.

Comparison of efficacy and safety between liposome-paclitaxel injection plus carboplatin and paclitaxel plus carboplatin as first line treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy and safety between liposome-paclitaxel plus carboplatin (LPC) and paclitaxel plus carboplatin (PC) as first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 54 chemotherapy-naive NSCLC patients were equally and randomly assigned into LPC group and PC group. Liposome-paclitaxel was injected on D1 at a dosage of 175 mg/m(2); the same dose and administration with paclitaxel injection in the PC group for a maximum of 2 cycles. The efficacy and adverse reactions after 2 cycles of chemotherapy were compared between these two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall response rate (CR+PR) was 44.4% in the LPC group and 33.3% in the PC group after 2 cycles of chemotherapy respectively (P=0.577). In the LPC group and PC group, the incidences of myelodepression was 81.5% and 63.0%, respectively (P=0.080), gastrointestinal toxicity was 96.3% and 77.8% respectively (P=0.100), and allergic reactions was 0 and 11.1%, respectively (P=0.000). The median time to progression was 6 months and 5 months, respectively (P=0.420).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LPC group has the same efficacy with PC group and less adverse reactions than PC group.</p>

mf-ERG effective evaluation of early and background diabetic retinopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AlM: To measure the retinal electrical activities in patients with diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) by applying multifocal electroretinogram ( mf-ERG) and evaluate the degree of visual damage at different stages of DR METHODS:Thirty cases ( 30 eyes ) aged 50 ~70 years old, excluding other diseases, were as normal group, and 99 cases ( 99 eyes ) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were as experiment group. The cases received mf-ERG examination in the standard state, respectively. The results were statistically analyzed RESULTS: For DR patients with early and background stage, the reaction density of mf - ERG P1 wave decreased as the disease worsened, significantly reduced in non - proliferating stage and decreased more significantly in the background of the stage Ⅲ. This showed that in the macula, electrical activity had weakened before the retina without visual or morphological changes, and with the development of the disease, the electrical activity decreased more obviously. CONCLUSlON:mf-ERG can evaluate the severity of DR, especially suit in the early and background period of DR.

Factors affecting the sensitivity of EGFR-TKI treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical factors affecting the sensitivity of EGFR-TKI treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data were retrospective analyzed to determine the clinical factors affecting the outcome of 166 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who received EGFR-TKI treatment in our hospttal from January of 2005 to December of 2006.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and nineteen patients benefited from EGFR-TKI treatment in the total of 166 patients and the disease control rate was 71.7%. Among the factors analyzed, sex, age, smoking, pathological type, brain and bone metastasis or not when EGFR-TKI was used, the time using EGFR-TKI and the level of LDH at the time of diagnosis had no significant effect on the clinical benefit rate. Among the 126 patients with serum CEA assayed at diagnosis, 84 cases had a higher serum CEA level. Compared with the patients with normal serum CEA level, the patients with a higher serum CEA level benefited more easily from EGFR-TKI therapy, with a disease control rate of 79.8% and 59.5%, respectively (P = 0.016). Among the patients who got benefits from EGFR-TKI treatment, smoking and the CEA level at diagnosis had effects on the duration of progression-free survival. The progression free survivals were 9.57 ± 6.75 months in non-smokers, 4.86 ± 3.44 months in light-smokers and 5.25 ± 4.34 months in heavy-smokers (P = 0.007). The progression free survival was 9.45 ± 7.48 months in the group with a higher serum CEA level and 6.52 ± 4.46 months in the group with normal serum CEA level (P = 0.036).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, EGFR-TKIs treatment is safe and effective. The patients with high CEA level are prone to benefit from it.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of Fournier's gangrene: two cases and literature review

Fournier's gangrene [FG] is a rapid progressive disease with high mortality and is caused by polymicrobial infection. FG usually begins with infection and affects fascias in [the perianal and] perineal regions as well as the abdominal wall and other organs. Although this disease has been recognized for many years, there are only a few cases reported in the world and few from China. Here, we report our success in the diagnosis and treatment of two cases of FG, one of which had severe necrotic sing fasciitis spreading to the abdominal wall, perianal, and perineal regions. We have discussed the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of FG

Study on the relations between homodynamic parameters and structure of common carotid artery among the Ethnic She Population , China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the changes of intima-media thickness (IMT) in ambi-common carotid arteries(ambi-CCA)and how they correlated with factors related to quality intima-media thickness(QIMT).Methods According to the Chinese Arterial Stiffness Evaluation (CASE)project,the IMT of (ambi-CCA)was measured by QIMT and 2-D ultrasound respectively in 433 She people aged 15-87(mean 49.03±13.54).Diffrence and tendency were analyzed on age,gender,body mass index(BMI),pulse pressure(PP),total cholesterol(TC),and triglyceride.The whole population was classified into 3 groups by tertiles of pulse pressure.Results (1)Significant positive correlations were found between ambi-CCA IMT and pulse pressure(P<0.01).There was no significant difference between tertilel and tertile 2 of IMT in the left CCA(P>0.05)found,but with significant difference among the tertile groups,respectively(P<0.05).There were significant differences among the three groups of IMT in the right CCA,respectively(P<0.01).(2)The regression factors of IMT in left CCA were age,pulse pressure,weight,LDL-C,blood glucose (BG), TG , and theirregression equation was LCC-IMT=32.61 + 4.29 (age) + 1.77 (PP) + 1.87(weight) + 16.52(LDL-C) + 11.77(BG)-9.92(TG), with r=0.663 and r2=0.44, (P<0.001). The regression factors of IMT in right CCA were age, PP, height and their regression equation was RCC-IMT=5.19(age) + 1.61 (PP) +2.62(height) -219.36,with r=0.636 and r2=0.41 (P<0.001).Conclusion There were differences seen on IMT of CCA in the PP and position and were correlated with age, PP, body weight, LDL-C, BG, TC and body height. The difference of ambi-CCA should be called for attention.

Ischemic J wave changes before and post percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with coronary artery disease / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the incidence of ischemic J wave before and post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CHD patients (n = 117) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Shanxi cardiovascular hospital were included in this study. The 12-lead ECGs were recorded within 24 hours before and after PCI. The ischemic J waves of five lead-groups (II, III, aVF group: V(1), V(2) group; V(3), V(4) group; V(5), V(6) group;I, aVL group) were analyzed and the number of lead-groups with J waves (0 - 5) were obtained in each patient. According to time course or wave amplitude, J waves were classified into three grades: small (time course between 0.02 - 0.03 s or wave amplitude between 0.05 - 0.09 mV), large (time course between 0.04 - 0.06 s or wave amplitude between 0.10 - 0.20 mV) and enormous (time course > 0.06 s or wave amplitude > 0.20 mV) J waves.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The number of lead-groups with ischemic J waves (0 - 5) in each patient was similar between pre and post PCI in the 117 patients (χ(2) = 6.23, P = 0.285). The numbers of small, large and enormous J waves were 157, 36 and 9 respectively before PCI and 163, 20 and 5 after PCI. The incidence of small J waves increased (77.72% vs. 86.70%) while large and enormous J waves decreased (17.82%, 4.46% vs. 10.64%, 2.66%) post PCI (χ(2) = 5.28, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The numbers of lead-groups with ischemic J waves were similar before and post PCI. However, the amplitude of ischemic J waves decreased after PCI suggesting PCI could improve ischemic J waves in CHD patients.</p>

An angiographic trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase in Chinese patients with acute myocardial infarction / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this randomized, open-label, multicenter, angiographic trial, we compared the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase (TNK-tPA) with alteplase (rt-PA) in Chinese patients with acute myocardial infarction.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction and pain to hospital time within 6 hours from October 2002, to March 2004 were randomly assigned a body weight-adjusted bolus of TNK-tPA (0.53 mg/kg over more than 10 s, n = 58) or front loaded rt-PA (< or = 100 mg, n = 52). Coronary angiography was performed at 90 min after initiating study drugs. All patients received aspirin and heparin (target activated partial thromboplastin time: 50-70 s). The primary end point of the trial was the rate of TIMI grade 3 flow at 90 minutes. Other end points included the rate of TIMI grade 2/3 flow at 90 minutes, all cause mortality at 30 days, the moderate/severe hemorrhage without intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and ICH within 30 days.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>TIMI grade 3 flow at 90 minutes (68.4% vs. 66.7%, P = 1.00), TIMI grade 2 or 3 at 90 minutes (89.5% vs. 80.4%, P = 0.278), total mortality at 30 days (13.8% vs. 9.6%, P = 0.565), the rate of moderate/severe hemorrhage (8.6% vs. 5.8%, P = 0.72) and incidence of ICH (3.5% vs. 1.9%, P = 1.00) were all similar in TNK-tPA treated patients compared to rt-PA treated patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The efficacy of single-bolus, weight-adjusted TNK-tPA fibrinolytic regimen is equivalent to front-loaded alteplase in terms of the rates of TIMI grade 3 flow, TIMI 2 or 3 flow. Incidences of moderate/severe hemorrhage, ICH and 30-days mortality were similar in TNK-tPA and rt-PA treated patients.</p>

Change in ambulatory arterial stiffness index with advancing age and the correlation with 24 hours pulse pressure in healthy individuals / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) has been recently proposed to reflect the dynamic relation between diastolic and systolic blood pressure throughout the whole day. The aim of our study was to investigate the change in AASI with advancing age and the correlation with 24 hours pulse pressure (24 h PP) in healthy individuals.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>246 healthy subjects [mean age (59.7 +/- 14.6) years, women 38.6%] underwent 24 hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in normal life style. The blood pressure recordings, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) were analyzed simultaneously by computer for every 30 minutes during 6:00 am-22:00 pm and every 60 minutes during 22:00 pm-6:00 am. Using all the blood pressure recordings, we plotted diastolic against systolic blood pressure from each individuals and calculated the regression slope. AASI was derived from 1 minus this regression slope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 246 healthy individuals, AASI increased with age. Among the healthy individuals, the 95th percentile of AASI was 0.56, the upper boundary of the 95% prediction interval of AASI in relation to age were 0.49 at 20 - 39 years, 0.59 at 40 - 59 years, 0.69 at 60 - 79 years, 0.79 at > or = 80 years. The correlation coefficient between AASI and 24 h PP was 0.497 (P < 0.01). AASI linearly increased with age in healthy individuals, whereas the relation between pulse pressure and age was curvilinear.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>AASI as a index reflecting blood pressure relationship, manifested the corresponding change with advancing age. The correlation between AASI and traditional index 24 h PP indicated AASI as a new measure of arterial stiffness.</p>

Disparity of asthma prevalence in Chinese schoolchildren is due to differences in lifestyle factors / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the environmental lifestyle risk factors which may explain the disparity of asthma prevalence in the Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In a cross-sectional study, 10 902 schoolchildren were recruited from Hong Kong (n = 3110), Beijing (n = 4277), and Guangzhou (n = 3565) using the ISAAC Phase II protocol. The average age of the children among three cities was 10.1-10.4 years and 50%-53% were male. Each subject was given an ISAAC Phase II questionnaire to be completed by the parents or guardians. Random subgroups of at least 1000 children from each city, added up to 3479 children underwent skin-prick testing. The sensitivity to eight common aeroallergens was assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the environmental and lifestyle risk factors for asthma and atopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of wheezing in the past 12 months (Hong Kong, 5.8%; Beijing, 3.8%; Guangzhou, 3.4%) was significantly higher in schoolchildren from Hong Kong than that from the Mainland of China (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.35-1.99). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the use of gas cooking (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.32-3.26), foam pillow (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.19-3.16), and house dampness (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.25-2.71) were significant risk factors for "current wheezing". The use of cotton quilt (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.56-0.87), breast-feeding (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66-0.96), and attendance of daycare (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.59-0.88) were protective factors against "current wheezing". When a summary measure of these variables was introduced into a regression model, the Mainland residency was no longer associated with "current asthma" or "current wheezing" suggesting that either these factors or other unmeasured factors associated with above factors are responsible for the lower prevalence of asthma in the Mainland of China.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Several environmental and lifestyle factors represented characteristic of life in Mainland of China, including breast feeding, attendance of daycare, use of cotton quilt, use of pillow other than foam pillow, use of cooking fuel other than gas, and the absence of damp spots on the walls or ceiling, were the significant risk factors contributed to the disparity of asthma prevalence in children from Hong Kong and the Mainland of China.</p>